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What to know about Parkinson’s disease after Brett Favre’s announcement

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More than a decade after retiring from football, Brett Favre says he has Parkinson’s disease.

Favre told a congressional hearing Tuesday that he had been recently diagnosed. There are nearly 90,000 new Parkinson’s cases each year in the U.S., according to the Parkinson’s Foundation.

Here are some questions and answers about the disease:

What is Parkinson’s?

Parkinson’s is a neurologic disease that robs people of control over their movements. It typically starts with tremors, and is characterized by slow movement, a shuffling gait, stiff limbs, balance problems and slurred speech.

Who gets it?

About 1 million Americans are living with Parkinson’s, and 10 million people worldwide, the foundation estimates. It usually appears after age 60, although sometimes it can develop before age 50.

What causes it?

The exact cause isn’t known but Parkinson’s develops when cells that produce one of the brain’s chemical messengers, called dopamine, begin to deteriorate and die. Dopamine transports signals to parts of the brain that control movement. Parkinson’s symptoms appear after enough dopamine-producing cells die that there’s too little of this neurotransmitter in the brain.

According to the foundation, most experts believe genetic and environmental factors are behind the disease. Dozens of gene mutations linked to Parkinson’s have been discovered and genetics account for 10 to 15% of all Parkinson’s, the group says. Other factors suspected of increasing the risk include head injuries, exposure to pesticides and herbicides and where you live. Favre said on a radio show in 2022 that he estimates he may have experienced “thousands” of concussions in his two decades in the NFL.

Is there a cure?

There is no cure but there are treatments, including medications that affect dopamine levels and a surgically implanted tremor-blocking device. Patients also can benefit from physical and occupational therapy.

What’s the prognosis?

Symptoms worsen over time, usually slowly. The severity of symptoms, and how quickly they progress, varies widely between patients. In advanced cases, people may be unable to walk or care for themselves. They also can suffer from depression, as well as memory and thinking problems.

While Parkinson’s itself isn’t considered fatal, people can die from complications of the disease, including lung problems as muscle weakness impedes the ability to cough and to swallow.

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The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group. The AP is solely responsible for all content.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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Four newsroom staff at Radio NL in Kamloops, B.C., are cut in format change

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KAMLOOPS, B.C. – More than half of the newsroom at Radio NL in Kamloops, B.C., has been let go as the station moves to a music format.

The radio station has had a decades-long grip on news in the Interior and beyond, breaking stories and covering everything from emergencies to courts and city hall.

Radio NL news director Paul James says four of seven journalists have been let go, but they will still be maintaining a newsroom.

He says the ability of radio stations, particularly in the smaller communities, to maintain a news-talk operation has become less financially viable.

Radio NL, at 610 on the AM dial, was one of more than 100 licences purchased by Stingray Digital Group Inc. in 2018.

B.C. Premier David Eby says in reaction to the cuts on social media that the decision by the Stingray Group to reduce the newsroom was “just bad for local journalism.”

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 24, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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Vancouver mayor promises more police to quell ‘street disorder’ in Gastown

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Vancouver Mayor Ken Sim says the city is taking immediate steps to improve public safety in the Gastown neighbourhood.

Sim says they’ll work with the Vancouver Police Department to establish a community policing centre in Gastown as residents and businesses there say they want increased visibility of officers.

A statement from Sim says more focused attention will be brought to the area using several police resources and tactics.

He says the approach will address street-entrenched offenders and help the business community with violent robberies associated with repeat shoplifters.

While Gastown is a draw for tourists, it also neighbours the Downtown Eastside, and Sim’s statement says they are confident the added police presence will bring immediate relief and a sense of security.

Sim says they have heard the residents of Gastown and surrounding communities “loud and clear” that they want action to address street disorder.

“These two steps are not a silver bullet and more will need to be done to bring back a sense of safety in your neighbourhood,” Sim said in the statement.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 24, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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Picket lines go up in ‘high leverage’ strike at six Metro Vancouver grain terminals

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VANCOUVER – Grain terminal workers picked a “high leverage moment” to go on strike in Metro Vancouver as farmers in Western Canada have an abundance of product to move for export, a food economics and supply chain expert says.

Picket lines went up at six grain terminals in Metro Vancouver on Tuesday as about 600 workers with Grain Workers Union Local 333 began their strike.

University of Guelph food economist Michael von Massow said they represent a small but crucial link in the grain export supply chain.

“If you live in Vancouver, you might drive by these big buildings and not understand how integral they are in the supply chain for western grain primarily,” Massow said.

“If those terminals are not working, you essentially shut off the supply chain for export wheat.”

Massow said it was “relatively smart” for the union to go on strike as farmers have a glut of grain and “get stuck with it” if terminals aren’t accepting shipments for export.

The “immediate pain,” he said, is that millions worth of product doesn’t get shipped, then possible reputational damage as customers may look elsewhere for wheat.

Canada’s labour minister said Tuesday that he spoke with both the employer and union representatives a day earlier, and they agreed to resume contract negotiations alongside federal mediators.

Steven MacKinnon posted the message on the social media platform X, saying Canadian farmers had a “bumper crop” they need to get to market.

Union president Douglas Lea-Smith said the minister’s involvement was a positive step, and a meeting was scheduled for Wednesday between the union and the employer to try to resolve the “impasse” in bargaining.

Lea-Smith said the employer, the Vancouver Terminal Elevators Association, had not “meaningfully engaged” in a dozen days of bargaining ahead of further negotiations with help from the federal Mediation and Conciliation Service.

He said the employers’ association has “dragged its feet at bargaining,” giving the union incomplete replies to proposals, while offering a “poor proposal” that the membership didn’t accept.

A statement issued by the Shipping Federation of Canada over the weekend said the union and the association concluded conciliation with help from the federal service on Aug. 26, but could not come to an agreement on a new contract.

Wade Sobkowich, executive director of the Western Grain Elevator Association, said Tuesday that the parties had been in negotiations since last November and the union was “slow-playing it” to time strike action with the fall wheat harvest.

“They managed the clock to bring this all to a head,” he said. “So, we’re right in the middle of harvest, so there’s maximum pressure on the employers to give more in the bargaining process.”

The affected operations include Viterra’s Cascadia and Pacific Terminals, Richardson International Terminal, Cargill Limited Terminal, G3 Terminal Vancouver and Alliance Grain Terminal, all located in Vancouver and North Vancouver.

“But there is no right and wrong in this situation. It’s all about leverage and perspective,” Sobkowich said. “We feel that what we’re offering in terms of wages is very fair.”

He added: “The union obviously disagrees or they wouldn’t be on strike.”

The union has said it provided the employer with a “comprehensive package” last Thursday, but the next day, the association indicated it had no counter offer.

But Lea-Smith said the association released a “full proposal” directly to workers, sidestepping the union.

“They just walked right around us because they believe that we don’t represent our members, even though we’re elected by our members,” he said.

The major sticking point in the negotiations related to time in lieu, he said.

“There are some minor monetary issues, but for the most part, it’s largely over earned time-off days, which we call lieu days,” he said.

Lea-Smith said the employer was trying to remove lieu days, and the strike action would continue in order to apply pressure at the bargaining table.

The lieu days stretch back to binding arbitration in 2002, when the workers moved to an round-the-clock operation, he said.

“Grain workers in 2002, on a pro rata basis, compared to today, earned more money than we do,” he said.

It’s the first time the union local has gone on strike since about 1970, he said.

Sobkowich said the Vancouver Terminal Elevators’ Association, the bargaining unit for the employers, did not “side step the union” and they’re preparing for mediation Wednesday “focusing on getting to a quick resolution.”

Von Massow said the strike highlights relatively unknown “links in a variety of our food supply chains.”

The strike wouldn’t disrupt the domestic food supply, he said, but would affect the supply chains of buyers of Canadian wheat and canola.

“For many of us, it will stay invisible because we’ll hear about this strike, but we won’t feel the implications of it, but grain elevators, grain companies and farmers will feel this almost immediately and feel it quite acutely,” he said. “So yeah, it is these unknown links in the supply chain that can really bung things up relatively quickly.”

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 24, 2024.



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