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Apple's New Lockdown Mode for iPhone Fights Hacking – CNET

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This story is part of Focal Point iPhone 2022, CNET’s collection of news, tips and advice around Apple’s most popular product.

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What’s happening

Apple is developing a new “Lockdown Mode” for its iPhones, iPads and Mac computers. It’s designed to fight industrial-strength hacking like the NSO Group’s Pegasus.

Why it matters

Though these attacks happen to a small group of people, the threat is growing. Pegasus was used by to spy on human rights activists, lawyers, politicians and journalists around the world. Apple says it’s identified similar attacks on people in 150 countries over the past eight months.

What’s next

Apple will release Lockdown Mode for free later this year and says it’s planning regular updates and improvements. The company has also expanded its bug bounties and established a grant to encourage further research toward this issue.

Apple for years has marketed its iPhones, iPads and Mac computers as the most secure and privacy-focused devices on the market. Last week, it bolstered that effort with a new feature coming this fall called Lockdown Mode, designed to fight targeted hacking attempts such as the Pegasus malware, which some governments reportedly used on human rights workers, lawyers, politicians and journalists around the world. Apple also announced a $10 million grant and up to $2 million bug bounty to encourage further research into this growing threat.

The tech giant said that Lockdown Mode is designed to activate “extreme” protections to its phones, such as blocking attachments and link previews in messages, potentially hackable web browsing technologies, and incoming FaceTime calls from unknown numbers. Apple devices will also not accept accessory connections unless the device is unlocked, and people can’t install new remote management software on the devices while they’re in Lockdown Mode as well. The new feature is already available in test software being used by developers this summer and will be released for free publicly in the fall as part of iOS 16, iPadOS 16 and MacOS Ventura. Here’s how to use Apple’s Lockdown mode on an iPhone.

“While the vast majority of users will never be the victims of highly targeted cyberattacks, we will work tirelessly to protect the small number of users who are,” said Ivan Krstić, Apple’s head of security engineering and architecture, in a statement. “Lockdown Mode is a groundbreaking capability that reflects our unwavering commitment to protecting users from even the rarest, most sophisticated attacks.”

Apple designed Lockdown Mode to be easy to turn on, through the settings app on its devices.


Apple

Along with the new Lockdown Mode, which Apple calls an “extreme” measure, the company announced a $10 million grant to the Dignity and Justice Fund, which was established by the Ford Foundation, to help support human rights and fight social repression.

The company’s efforts to enhance its device security comes at a time when the tech industry is increasingly confronting targeted cyberattacks from oppressive governments around the world. Unlike widespread ransomware or virus campaigns, which are often designed to indiscriminately spread furthest and quickest through homes and corporate networks, attacks like those using Pegasus are designed for quiet intelligence gathering.

Read more: Why Apple’s developing a new level of security for your iPhone

People have to restart their devices before Lockdown Mode will turn on.


Apple

Last September, Apple sent out a free software update that addressed Pegasus, and then it sued NSO Group in an effort to stop the company from developing or selling any more hacking tools. It also began sending “Threat Notifications” to potential victims of these hacking tools, which Apple calls “mercenary spyware.” The company said that while the number of people targeted in these campaigns is very small, it’s notified people in about 150 countries since November.

Other tech companies have also expanded their approach to security in recent years. Google has an initiative called Advanced Account Protection, designed for “anyone who is at an elevated risk of targeted online attacks” by adding extra layers of safety to logins and downloads. Microsoft has been increasingly working to dump passwords.

Apple said it plans to expand Lockdown Mode over time, and announced a bug bounty of up to $2 million for people who find security holes in the new feature. For now, it’s designed primarily to disable computer features that may be helpful but that open people to potential attacks. That includes turning off some fonts, link previews and incoming FaceTime calls from unknown accounts. 

Read more: How to Use Apple’s Lockdown Mode to Guard Against an Industrial-Strength iPhone Hack

Apple representatives said the company sought to find a balance between usability and extreme protections, adding that the company is publicly committing to strengthening and improving the feature. In the most recent iteration of Lockdown Mode, which is being sent to developers in an upcoming test software update, apps that display webpages will follow the same restrictions that Apple’s apps follow, though people can preapprove some websites to circumvent Lockdown Mode if needed. People in Lockdown Mode will also have to unlock their device before it’ll connect with accessories.

Encouraging more research

In addition, Apple said it hopes a planned $10 million grant to the Dignity and Justice Fund will help encourage more research on these issues and expand training and security audits for people who might be targeted.

“Every day we see these threats broadening and deepening,” said Lori McGlinchey, director of the Ford Foundation’s Technology and Society program, who is working with technical advisers including Apple’s Krstić to help direct the fund. “In recent years, state and non-state actors have used spyware to track and intimidate human rights defenders, environmental activists and political dissidents in virtually every region of the world.” 

Ron Deibert, a professor of political science and director of the Citizen Lab cybersecurity researchers at the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy at the University of Toronto, said he expects Apple’s Lockdown Mode will be a “major blow” to spyware companies and the governments who rely on their products.”

“We’re doing all we can, alongside a number of investigative journalists working this beat, but that’s been it, and that’s a huge asymmetry,” he said, adding that Apple’s $10 million grant will help attract more work toward this issue. “You have an enormous industry that’s very lucrative and almost entirely unregulated, profiting from huge contracts from governments that have an appetite to engage in this type of espionage.”

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Nothing Ear And Nothing Ear (a) Earbuds Are 1st With ChatGPT Integration – Forbes

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London-based Nothing Tech has just launched new earbuds, two pairs, in fact. The Nothing Ear and more affordable Nothing Ear (a) have just gone on sale—you can read Forbes contributor Mark Sparrow’s review of both pairs here. And now, the company has announced a cool new feature: and industry-first integration with ChatGPT. It comes with strings, though.

The new earbuds have just been announced and are available to pre-order from nothing.tech now and go on sale from Monday, April 22. If you’re in London, and you want to be among the very first to get the earbuds, you can snap them up in the Nothing Store Soho a little bit sooner, from Saturday, April 20 (click-and-collect is available).

From launch, the company said, “it will enhance its overall user experience with industry-first ChatGPT integrations in its audio and smartphone products.”

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Nothing goes on that it wants “to advance consumer tech products’ transition to AI, as well as simplify and enhance the user experience.”

It means users will be able to pinch the earbud to directly speak to ChatGPT to ask questions and hear responses in the earbuds. Nothing is also introducing new elements to Nothing phones, such as widgets which make it easy to talk to ChatGPT on the handsets. Other features include being able to send screenshots directly to ChatGPT and a clipboard shortcut for sending text.

So, what are the catches?

Although the Bluetooth new earbuds will work with any iPhone or Android phone, and there are dedicated Nothing apps for each platform, the ChatGPT integration is more limited for now.

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The earbuds must be paired with a Nothing handset. From today, the feature works with the premium model, the Nothing Phone (2), providing it’s running the latest software. The earlier Nothing Phone (1) and more recent, more affordable model, Nothing Phone (2a) will need to wait for a software update, which Nothing says is “coming soon”.

Also coming in the future is compatibility with earlier Nothing earbuds, that is the Ear (1), Ear (2) and Ear (Stick).

The new earbuds are very keenly priced. Ear costs $149 (£129 in the U.K.), while Ear (a) is $99 (£99 in the U.K.). Both pairs have active noise-cancelling, which is not commonplace at this price point. The more expensive Ear has a wireless charging case and a feature to create a personal sound profile. Both pairs come in black and white finishes, with Nothing’s trademark transparent design in the earbuds and charging case. But the Nothing Ear (a) has an eye-catching extra: a tremendous yellow-finish option.

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U of T Engineering PhD student is working to improve the sustainable treatment of Ontario's drinking water – U of T Engineering News – U of T Engineering News

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Growing up in a small neighbourhood in Cameroon, Maeva Che (CivMin PhD student) was aware of challenges of accessing clean drinking water. 

“Experiencing that exposure to water issues and challenges with sustainable access to safe drinking water ignited my interest in water treatment,” Che says.  

Che’s drive to improve water quality around the globe brought her to the Drinking Water Research Group (DWRG) at University of Toronto’s Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering, where she is researching innovative solutions to address local water issues.  

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Che is working under the supervision of Professor Ron Hofmann (CivMin), who is a member of the DWRG. Her research focuses on removing unpleasant taste and odour compounds in Ontario’s drinking water by promoting the biodegradation of these compounds through granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration. 

The project is supported by a five-year Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Alliance grant called Advanced and Emerging Issues in Drinking Water Treatment. 

GAC filtration is a water treatment process that uses granular activated carbon, which is made from organic materials that are high in carbon, such as wood, coal or coconut shells. These materials are heated in the absence of oxygen through a process known as pyrolysis and prompted chemically or physically to produce the activated carbon. The activation enhances the material’s adsorption properties, making it productive to remove contaminants from water.  

While GAC filtration is an effective treatment process, its adsorptive capacity is limited. The adsorptive capacity of GAC is expected to become exhausted after about three years in service and drinking water treatment utilities must replace the GAC. Aside from the inconvenience, replacing GAC is costly.  

Che is working on alternative ways to remove contaminants using GAC filtration, specifically through biodegradation. When the filtration has been in service for a while, there is the growth of micro-organisms on the GAC, which can be useful for removing contaminants.   

PhD student Maeva Che works with filtration systems research at the Drinking Water Lab in the Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering. (photo by Galina Nikitina)

“Think of biodegradation as the useful bacteria on the GAC feeding on the contaminants in the water, thereby removing them,” says Che. 

“If the GAC has enough good bacteria that is biodegrading the compounds, the GAC may not need to be replaced when its adsorptive capacity becomes exhausted. This can extend the filter’s lifetime, resulting in cost benefits for treatment utilities.” 

In other words, biodegradation can potentially enhance the performance of GAC filters. 

Che and the DWRG will collaborate with water treatment plants to determine methods that can enhance the biodegradation of taste and odour compounds within their GAC filters.  

Currently in its initial phase, the project is taking place alongside the Peterborough Utilities Group’s drinking water treatment plant, where Che is conducting pilot-scale filtration studies with support from the Peterborough Utilities Commission. They plan to extend this research to other partner treatment plants in the future. 

Working with various water treatment plants across Ontario, Che will also assess the effectiveness of GAC filters in removing non-traditional taste and odour compounds, which are not commonly monitored. 

To achieve this, she’ll evaluate filter performance for two common taste and odour compounds — 2-methylisoborneal and geosmin — and eight additional non-traditional compounds that can cause taste and odour events. This involves collecting GAC and water samples from the plants and conducting lab-scale filtration tests, called minicolumn tests. This test, developed by the DWRG, allows to differentiate between adsorption and biodegradation in GAC filters. 

Minicolumn tests provide crucial insights into the performance of the GAC filters in terms of the adsorption and biodegradation of contaminants. To distinguish between these mechanisms, researchers use parallel minicolumns. One minicolumn operates under conditions where the biological activity of micro-organisms is suppressed, which isolates the adsorption process. The second minicolumn operates without biological suppression, allowing both adsorption and biodegradation to occur. 

“Many plants are unaware of their filters’ performance for other compounds, aside from the two common ones, that also contribute to taste and odour events in water. Our project, therefore, plays a crucial role in expanding the understanding of this,” Che says. 

Project partners include the Ajax Water Supply Plant and the Barrie Surface Water Treatment Plant.  

The DWRG is made of approximately 30 graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, research managers and associates who collaborate with local, national and international industry and government organizations to address a wide range of projects related to municipal drinking water. 

Che credits her experience as a master’s student with the research group as a major factor in her decision to pursue a PhD at the University of Toronto.  

“During my master’s degree with the DWRG, I worked on projects that improved drinking water quality, gaining hands-on experience at treatment plants. Seeing the results of my research reinforced my decision to pursue my PhD here,” Che says. 

Ultimately, Che hopes to make a significant impact in the field — and the DWRG provides opportunities to achieve this, with a supportive community of researchers and supervisors.  

“My goal is to continue researching and developing sustainable solutions for drinking water treatment that benefit communities in need,” she says. 

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Huawei's latest flagship smartphone contains no world-shaking silicon surprises – The Register

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When Huawei debuted its Mate 60 smartphone in mid-2023, it turned heads around the world after teardown artists found it contained a system-on-chip manufactured by Chinese chipmaker Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC) using a 7nm process.

SMIC was thought not to be able to build that sort of thing. So while the Mate 60 didn’t differ markedly from every other modern smartphone, its very existence called into question the effectiveness of US-led efforts to prevent advanced chipmaking tech reach the Middle Kingdom.

Much speculation has therefore concerned what Huawei would deliver next, and this week the world got its answer – in the form of the Pura 70.

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Chinese media report that early users of the device have posted details of its innards, naming the SoC as Kirin 9010 with four efficient cores running at 1.55GHz, half a dozen performance cores at 2.18GHz, and a couple of high-performance cores zipping along at 2.30GHz. All cores are Arm v8. A third-party spec sheet suggests it’s a 7nm chip – meaning Chinese chipmakers appear not to have made another unexpected advance.

Early tests suggest it outperforms the Kirin 9000 found in the Mate 60, but independent assessments are yet to emerge. The crowdsourced evaluations currently available are sometimes dubious.

What we can say with confidence is that the Pura 70 has a 6.6-inch OLED display with 120Hz refresh rate and resolution of 2,760 x 1,256. It has 12GB RAM aboard, and buyers can choose from 256GB, 512GB, or 1TB of storage.

The three rear-facing cameras on the base models can capture 50, 12, and 13 megapixels apiece.

The Pura range derives from Huawei’s P-Series handsets that stretched from the midrange to the low-end of premium, but are now focussed – pardon the pun – on photography enthusiasts. The device comes on four variants, each priced to match the four editions of Apple’s iPhone 15.

The screen on the high-end “Ultra” model grows to 6.8 inches and 2,844 × 1,260 pixels, with two rear cameras that shoot at 50 megapixels and one at 40. One of the 50MP snappers is retractable, to enhance its zooming powers.

Importantly, all models of the Pura 70 run HarmonyOS 4.2 – Huawei’s not-Android operating system.

China is all-in on HarmonyOS as the nation pursues indigenous alternatives to Western tech. In recent weeks Chinese media and government agencies have noted the growing proliferation of native HarmonyOS apps, trumpeting that developer enthusiasm for the platform means local buyers now have a more patriotic alternative.

That alternative appears to be welcome: after the debut of the Mate 60, analyst firm IDC saw Huawei’s smartphone market share improve by 36.2 percent. ®

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