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Dino-Eating Mammals? This Fossil’s Rewriting the Prehistoric Food Chain

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These depictions echo a long-held sentiment that the first mammals to inhabit the planet ate insects and did everything they could to avoid their reptile counterparts. Their small size helped them go undetected. But a recent fossil find is rewriting everything we know about the Cretaceous period and where mammals ranked in the food chain.

As it turns out, dino-eating mammals were a thing. How common were they? Scientists have yet to work this question out. Nevertheless, one thing’s for sure. The “Circle of Life” wasn’t as clear-cut as we assume.

Frozen in Time

About 125 million years ago, a death match between two Cretaceous animals came to a surprising stalemate … mid-bite. That’s when a volcanic flow interrupted their scuffle, burying the two animals in layers of molten lava.

The lava scalded their flesh, killing them instantly. But it also preserved their skeletons, immortalizing the record of their final struggle.

Fast forward to 2012. A Chinese farmer unwittingly stumbled upon the fossilized scene. After turning the find over to officials, it sat in the equivalent of fossil purgatory. After all, cases of forged fossils from this area are nothing new. But once the details of its provenance and authenticity were determined, researchers were in for a shock.

The find passed the sniff test. Studying the authenticated fossil began in earnest, revealing a new side to the coexistence between dinosaurs and mammals.

A One-of-a-Kind Fossil

To say the fossil is unprecedented proves an understatement. Jordan Mallon, a paleobiologist with the Canadian Museum of Nature, puts it this way. “I’ve never seen a fossil like this before.”

What are the implications of this discovery? Genuinely groundbreaking, according to Steve Busatte, a paleontologist at the University of Edinburgh. He explains, “This turns the old story on its head. We’re used to thinking of the Age of Dinosaurs as a time when dinosaurs ruled the world, and the tiny mammals cowered in the shadows.”

Put another way, mammals weren’t merely simpering rodents, slinking around in the background. Some, like the mammal in the fossil, actively hunted dinosaurs.

A Battle to the Death

Of course, this begs the question. What does the fossil show?

It contains the skeletons of two long-extinct animals. The first is Repenomamus robustus, a badger-like mammal comparable in size to a modern-day housecat. The second animal? Psittacosaurus lujiatunensis, a dinosaur with a parrot-like beak that stood around the height of a medium-sized dog.

Despite the size difference, Repenomamus robustus clearly had the upper hand. Yes, Psittacosaurus lujiatunensis was bigger and a dinosaur. But it also had an obvious disadvantage. As an herbivore, it spent much of its time eating plants, not engaging in deadly battles.

Death Is in the Details

The postures each skeleton took at the moment of fossilization support this conclusion. For starters, the mammal sits perched atop the reptile.

Its teeth lie buried in the reptile’s ribcage, and its paws grip the dino’s hind leg and jaw. These details indicate the mammal as the obvious aggressor in this prehistoric conflict.

But should we read so much into this strange fossil? After all, it could involve rewriting history as we know it.

Other Fascinating Fossils

As it turns out, this isn’t the first time a mammal fossil has pointed to dinosaur meat as an active part of mammalian diets. In 2005, the American Museum of Natural History in New York revealed a fossil of another Repenomamus robustus with a baby Psittacosaurus in its stomach.

So, it appears there’s history between these two species. With the dinosaur rarely coming out on top. As we stay tuned to discover what else scientists have to say about this discovery, why not explore some other bizarre and unbelievable fossils? One of our faves? This well-preserved mammoth nipple, dating to the Ice Age!

It has provided scientists with new insights into the lives of woolly mammoth moms and their babies. Acquired in Summer of 2022 by Ripley’s, it’s one of many incredible artifacts you can see on display when you visit one of our Odditoriums. Find an attraction near you!


By Engrid Barnett, contributor for Ripleys.com

 

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The body of a Ugandan Olympic athlete who was set on fire by her partner is received by family

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NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) — The body of Ugandan Olympic athlete Rebecca Cheptegei — who died after being set on fire by her partner in Kenya — was received Friday by family and anti-femicide crusaders, ahead of her burial a day later.

Cheptegei’s family met with dozens of activists Friday who had marched to the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital’s morgue in the western city of Eldoret while chanting anti-femicide slogans.

She is the fourth female athlete to have been killed by her partner in Kenya in yet another case of gender-based violence in recent years.

Viola Cheptoo, the founder of Tirop Angels – an organization that was formed in honor of athlete Agnes Tirop, who was stabbed to death in 2021, said stakeholders need to ensure this is the last death of an athlete due to gender-based violence.

“We are here to say that enough is enough, we are tired of burying our sisters due to GBV,” she said.

It was a somber mood at the morgue as athletes and family members viewed Cheptegei’s body which sustained 80% of burns after she was doused with gasoline by her partner Dickson Ndiema. Ndiema sustained 30% burns on his body and later succumbed.

Ndiema and Cheptegei were said to have quarreled over a piece of land that the athlete bought in Kenya, according to a report filed by the local chief.

Cheptegei competed in the women’s marathon at the Paris Olympics less than a month before the attack. She finished in 44th place.

Cheptegei’s father, Joseph, said that the body will make a brief stop at their home in the Endebess area before proceeding to Bukwo in eastern Uganda for a night vigil and burial on Saturday.

“We are in the final part of giving my daughter the last respect,” a visibly distraught Joseph said.

He told reporters last week that Ndiema was stalking and threatening Cheptegei and the family had informed police.

Kenya’s high rates of violence against women have prompted marches by ordinary citizens in towns and cities this year.

Four in 10 women or an estimated 41% of dating or married Kenyan women have experienced physical or sexual violence perpetrated by their current or most recent partner, according to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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The ancient jar smashed by a 4-year-old is back on display at an Israeli museum after repair

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TEL AVIV, Israel (AP) — A rare Bronze-Era jar accidentally smashed by a 4-year-old visiting a museum was back on display Wednesday after restoration experts were able to carefully piece the artifact back together.

Last month, a family from northern Israel was visiting the museum when their youngest son tipped over the jar, which smashed into pieces.

Alex Geller, the boy’s father, said his son — the youngest of three — is exceptionally curious, and that the moment he heard the crash, “please let that not be my child” was the first thought that raced through his head.

The jar has been on display at the Hecht Museum in Haifa for 35 years. It was one of the only containers of its size and from that period still complete when it was discovered.

The Bronze Age jar is one of many artifacts exhibited out in the open, part of the Hecht Museum’s vision of letting visitors explore history without glass barriers, said Inbal Rivlin, the director of the museum, which is associated with Haifa University in northern Israel.

It was likely used to hold wine or oil, and dates back to between 2200 and 1500 B.C.

Rivlin and the museum decided to turn the moment, which captured international attention, into a teaching moment, inviting the Geller family back for a special visit and hands-on activity to illustrate the restoration process.

Rivlin added that the incident provided a welcome distraction from the ongoing war in Gaza. “Well, he’s just a kid. So I think that somehow it touches the heart of the people in Israel and around the world,“ said Rivlin.

Roee Shafir, a restoration expert at the museum, said the repairs would be fairly simple, as the pieces were from a single, complete jar. Archaeologists often face the more daunting task of sifting through piles of shards from multiple objects and trying to piece them together.

Experts used 3D technology, hi-resolution videos, and special glue to painstakingly reconstruct the large jar.

Less than two weeks after it broke, the jar went back on display at the museum. The gluing process left small hairline cracks, and a few pieces are missing, but the jar’s impressive size remains.

The only noticeable difference in the exhibit was a new sign reading “please don’t touch.”

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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B.C. sets up a panel on bear deaths, will review conservation officer training

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VICTORIA – The British Columbia government is partnering with a bear welfare group to reduce the number of bears being euthanized in the province.

Nicholas Scapillati, executive director of Grizzly Bear Foundation, said Monday that it comes after months-long discussions with the province on how to protect bears, with the goal to give the animals a “better and second chance at life in the wild.”

Scapillati said what’s exciting about the project is that the government is open to working with outside experts and the public.

“So, they’ll be working through Indigenous knowledge and scientific understanding, bringing in the latest techniques and training expertise from leading experts,” he said in an interview.

B.C. government data show conservation officers destroyed 603 black bears and 23 grizzly bears in 2023, while 154 black bears were killed by officers in the first six months of this year.

Scapillati said the group will publish a report with recommendations by next spring, while an independent oversight committee will be set up to review all bear encounters with conservation officers to provide advice to the government.

Environment Minister George Heyman said in a statement that they are looking for new ways to ensure conservation officers “have the trust of the communities they serve,” and the panel will make recommendations to enhance officer training and improve policies.

Lesley Fox, with the wildlife protection group The Fur-Bearers, said they’ve been calling for such a committee for decades.

“This move demonstrates the government is listening,” said Fox. “I suspect, because of the impending election, their listening skills are potentially a little sharper than they normally are.”

Fox said the partnership came from “a place of long frustration” as provincial conservation officers kill more than 500 black bears every year on average, and the public is “no longer tolerating this kind of approach.”

“I think that the conservation officer service and the B.C. government are aware they need to change, and certainly the public has been asking for it,” said Fox.

Fox said there’s a lot of optimism about the new partnership, but, as with any government, there will likely be a lot of red tape to get through.

“I think speed is going to be important, whether or not the committee has the ability to make change and make change relatively quickly without having to study an issue to death, ” said Fox.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 9, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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