There are early signals Canada is already entering a fall COVID-19 wave, while updated booster shots likely remain weeks away.
Earlier this week, the Public Health Agency of Canada said fluctuations in virus activity across the country could be an “early sign” of increased infections.
The percentage of COVID tests coming back positive, for example, had been gradually declining since the spring, but started going up again over the last month — most recently hitting nearly nine per cent. Hospitalizations increased in August as well, jumping roughly 11 per cent in a week, as the number of hospital beds occupied by COVID patients hit more than 1,700 by Aug. 15.
Cross-Canada wastewater signals are also rising. By late July, at least seven of the 39 sites tracked by federal officials had reported an increase, and that number has nearly doubled since then to at least 13.
“Everyone’s hearing, myself included, anecdotal evidence of new infections of people that we know,” he said.
Waning immunity, new subvariant may play role
How big Canada’s fall surge becomes will largely hinge on the country’s level of population immunity, experts say, as well as the timing of fall booster shots that aren’t yet approved in either Canada or the U.S.
“We’re having up-and-down wobbling of our COVID numbers as we balance out transmission with immunity,” said researcher and epidemiologist Caroline Colijn, a Canada 150 Research Chair in Mathematics for Evolution, Infection and Public Health at Simon Fraser University.
As CBC News recently reported, research shows a majority of the population has developed some level of immunity against SARS-CoV-2, thanks to high rates of vaccination and three-quarters of Canadians likely having detectable antibodies linked to prior infections. Hybrid immunity — developed through a combination of both prior vaccination and infection — is thought to be a particularly robust form of protection.
But while many individuals’ immune systems are now better trained to recognize this threat, reducing rates of serious illness and death over the course of the pandemic, the level of protection needed to avoid another infection in the first place can fade over time.
“We haven’t had a large COVID wave in the summer, and we haven’t had a lot of vaccinations. So that protection against infection might have waned to some extent,” said Colijn. “And that puts us in a position for potentially a larger wave.”
A contagious subvariant called EG.5 that’s circulating widely right now could also help fuel a surge, though scientists are still assessing the risks posed by the Omicron offshoot.
Early evidence suggests it’s no more severe, yet it does appear better able to evade front-line immune defences, allowing it to infect — and re-infect — more people.
There’s no cause for panic, Colijn stressed. But among people that may not have an infection or booster shot in months, a fast-spreading subvariant can find plenty of new hosts.
“You don’t need a lot more severity to cause a large problem if you have a lot more numbers,” she warned.
How big Canada’s fall surge becomes will largely hinge on the country’s level of population immunity, experts say, as well as the timing of fall booster shots that aren’t yet approved in either Canada or the U.S. (Michael Wilson/CBC)
‘Our system is fragile’
The challenges stemming from another wave would hit Canada on multiple fronts, said infectious diseases specialist Dr. Donald Vinh, an associate professor in McGill University’s department of medicine.
For one thing, more COVID infections would increase pressure on the health-care system through higher demand on hospitals, coupled with higher rates of health-care workers being sick, Vinh said.
“That combination can become problematic. We know that our system is fragile,” he said. “And we’ve dealt with this fragility from a surge in COVID cases in the community before … but there’s only so many of those that the health-care system can take.”
In terms of the direct impact on patients, Vinh said that while high levels of hybrid immunity should prevent many life-threatening illnesses, there is also the potential for lasting health impacts from first or repeat infections, including long COVID.
Booster shots could shore up Canadians’ immunity this fall, particularly as drug makers have adapted their vaccines to better match currently circulating strains, but Vinh cautioned the “cycles are not in sync.”
“The timing is not great,” Vinh said. “Because if we anticipate that the U.S. will have their rollout somewhere around the end of September, or maybe early October, realistically, in Canada, we’re probably looking at maybe mid to late-October, or God forbid, even a little bit later.”
Canada needs a national inquiry into COVID failures, experts say
A series of new reports in the British Medical Journal say Canada was ‘ill-prepared’ and ‘lacked co-ordination’ in the COVID-19 pandemic. The report authors say it is time to investigate what happened and learn how to prepare for the next pandemic.
Experts recommend boosters, basic precautions
Canada’s national vaccine advisors have already recommended getting an updated dose once fresh vaccines do arrive, particularly if you’re at a higher risk for severe illness, including seniors aged 65 and up, people living in long-term care homes, pregnant individuals, and anyone with underlying medical conditions.
Those national guidelines also suggest waiting roughly six months after a previous vaccine dose or a known SARS-CoV-2 infection, as research suggests the shots are more effective when they’re spaced out from an active infection or prior vaccination, as CBC News has previously reported.
While the shots offer lasting protection against severe disease, Arts said there’s a downside to waiting too long between doses: “We know the longer that we go out without a booster, the more likely we potentially, if exposed, will get infected.”
Upcoming shots could help blunt the end of a COVID wave, he added, “but it’s not going to prevent this wave now.”
Vinh said Canadians can also bring back basic precautions in the months ahead, such as avoiding crowded indoor locations, wearing a mask, and staying away from others when sick, while businesses can consider boosting indoor ventilation as much as possible.
Even at this point, however, Colijn stressed we’re in a better place than the U.S. heading into the fall, given the higher levels of vaccine uptake in Canada over the last few years — so a spike in cases mirroring the surge south of the border isn’t inevitable.
“Whether it turns into a big wave or not,” she said, “we’ll have to see.”
EDMONTON – RCMP say a second suspect has been arrested in the killing of an Alberta county worker.
Mounties say 28-year-old Elijah Strawberry was taken into custody Friday at a house on O’Chiese First Nation.
Colin Hough, a worker with Rocky View County, was shot and killed while on the job on a rural road east of Calgary on Aug. 6.
Another man who worked for Fortis Alberta was shot and wounded, and RCMP said the suspects fled in a Rocky View County work truck.
Police later arrested Arthur Wayne Penner, 35, and charged him with first-degree murder and attempted murder, and a warrant was issued for Strawberry’s arrest.
RCMP also said there was a $10,000 reward for information leading to the arrest of Strawberry, describing him as armed and dangerous.
Chief Supt. Roberta McKale, told a news conference in Edmonton that officers had received tips and information over the last few weeks.
“I don’t know of many members that when were stopped, fuelling up our vehicles, we weren’t keeping an eye out, looking for him,” she said.
But officers had been investigating other cases when they found Strawberry.
“Our investigators were in O’Chiese First Nation at a residence on another matter and the major crimes unit was there working another file and ended up locating him hiding in the residence,” McKale said.
While an investigation is still underway, RCMP say they’re confident both suspects in the case are in police custody.
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 13, 2024.
RICHMOND, B.C. – The Integrated Homicide Investigation Team says the 26-year-old son of a man found dead on British Columbia’s Sunshine Coast has been charged with his murder.
Police say 58-year-old Henry Doyle was found badly injured on a forest service road in Egmont last September and died of his injuries.
The homicide team took over when the BC Coroners Service said the man’s death was suspicious.
It says in a statement that the BC Prosecution Service has approved one count of first-degree murder against the man’s son, Jackson Doyle.
Police say the accused will remain in custody until at least his next court appearance.
The homicide team says investigators remained committed to solving the case with the help of the community of Egmont, the RCMP on the Sunshine Coast and in Richmond, and the Vancouver Police Department.
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 13, 2024.
VANCOUVER – Mediated talks between the union representing HandyDART workers in Metro Vancouver and its employer, Transdev, have broken off without an agreement following 15 hours of talks.
Joe McCann, president of Amalgamated Transit Union Local 1724, says they stayed at the bargaining table with help from a mediator until 2 a.m. Friday and made “some progress.”
However, he says the union negotiators didn’t get an offer that they could recommend to the membership.
McCann says that in some ways they are close to an agreement, but in other areas they are “miles apart.”
About 600 employees of the door-to-door transit service for people who can’t navigate the conventional transit system have been on strike since last week, pausing service for all but essential medical trips.
McCann asks HandyDART users to be “patient,” since they are trying to get not only a fair contract for workers but also a better service for customers.
He says it’s unclear when the talks will resume, but he hopes next week at the latest.
The employer, Transdev, didn’t reply to an interview request before publication.
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 13, 2024.
