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FAST closes in on radio burst mystery in sky – ecns

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Photo taken on Aug 27, 2019 shows China’s Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) in Southwest China’s Guizhou province. (Photo/Xinhua)

Astronomers using sensitive Chinese telescope achieve breakthrough

Astronomers using China’s Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope have made major progress in solving the mysteries of extremely short but powerful flashes in the sky known as fast radio bursts, according to studies published in the journal Nature.

Data collected by the world’s largest single-dish radio telescope suggests fast radio bursts originate from activity in the magnetosphere of neutron stars-the super-dense remnants of massive stars. The finding concludes a decadelong scientific debate on the origin of the phenomenon, which was first discovered in 2007.

Scientists have also hypothesized that most fast radio bursts may be emitted by a special class of neutron stars called magnetars that have extremely strong magnetic fields. The most magnetic stars in the universe, they have a field strength up to a thousand trillion times stronger than that of Earth.

However, there may also be other origins, they added.

“Fast radio bursts are one of the frontiers in astronomy because they are full of interesting questions to be answered,” said Han Jinlin, a chief researcher at the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

“Unlike other celestial objects that can be tracked and monitored, FRBs blink and disappear within thousandths of a second, making them a notoriously elusive and difficult phenomenon to study.”

He said some fast radio bursts can even recur after some time, which is a further puzzle for scientists.

“Only in the past few years have scientists known how to locate FRBs, but it remains a challenge to decipher their signals and understand the physics behind them because many telescopes simply aren’t sensitive enough,” Han said.

That is where FAST-the world’s most sensitive single-dish radio telescope-can shine, said Lee Kejia, an astronomy professor at Peking University, as it is 2.5 times more sensitive than the 305-meter-diameter Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico, which is in second place.

Lee and his team used the telescope in Guizhou province to observe a repeating fast radio burst called FRB180301 and discovered that the radiation of the source has “very diverse polarization angle swings”, meaning that the radiation is affected by the magnetosphere.

This supports the hypothesis that fast radio bursts originate from complex processes in a neutron star’s magnetosphere, rather than from the collision of accelerated particles, according to a study published in Nature last month.

Another study published in Nature on Thursday said that Chinese astronomers used FAST to observe a magnetar called SGR 1935 2154, and concluded that the hyper-magnetic objects could be a major source of fast radio bursts.

Jiang Peng, FAST’s chief engineer, said the two discoveries are in keeping with public expectations that the telescope will deliver influential and original breakthroughs.

FAST has discovered more than 240 pulsars-super dense stars that emit electromagnetic beams at precise intervals, Jiang said. Pulsars are a popular research subject as the “cosmic lighthouses” allow scientists to study extreme states of matter, measure cosmic distances and track time in an ultra-precise way.

Scientists have published over 40 high-quality papers using data collected by FAST, and Chinese astronomers are lining up to apply to use it for their research, he said.

“Not only does it play a significant role in our nation’s effort to create major original breakthroughs in astronomy, but the engineering techniques and materials used to create this monumental infrastructure can also serve other industries, such as high-precision surveying,” he said.


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The body of a Ugandan Olympic athlete who was set on fire by her partner is received by family

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NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) — The body of Ugandan Olympic athlete Rebecca Cheptegei — who died after being set on fire by her partner in Kenya — was received Friday by family and anti-femicide crusaders, ahead of her burial a day later.

Cheptegei’s family met with dozens of activists Friday who had marched to the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital’s morgue in the western city of Eldoret while chanting anti-femicide slogans.

She is the fourth female athlete to have been killed by her partner in Kenya in yet another case of gender-based violence in recent years.

Viola Cheptoo, the founder of Tirop Angels – an organization that was formed in honor of athlete Agnes Tirop, who was stabbed to death in 2021, said stakeholders need to ensure this is the last death of an athlete due to gender-based violence.

“We are here to say that enough is enough, we are tired of burying our sisters due to GBV,” she said.

It was a somber mood at the morgue as athletes and family members viewed Cheptegei’s body which sustained 80% of burns after she was doused with gasoline by her partner Dickson Ndiema. Ndiema sustained 30% burns on his body and later succumbed.

Ndiema and Cheptegei were said to have quarreled over a piece of land that the athlete bought in Kenya, according to a report filed by the local chief.

Cheptegei competed in the women’s marathon at the Paris Olympics less than a month before the attack. She finished in 44th place.

Cheptegei’s father, Joseph, said that the body will make a brief stop at their home in the Endebess area before proceeding to Bukwo in eastern Uganda for a night vigil and burial on Saturday.

“We are in the final part of giving my daughter the last respect,” a visibly distraught Joseph said.

He told reporters last week that Ndiema was stalking and threatening Cheptegei and the family had informed police.

Kenya’s high rates of violence against women have prompted marches by ordinary citizens in towns and cities this year.

Four in 10 women or an estimated 41% of dating or married Kenyan women have experienced physical or sexual violence perpetrated by their current or most recent partner, according to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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The ancient jar smashed by a 4-year-old is back on display at an Israeli museum after repair

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TEL AVIV, Israel (AP) — A rare Bronze-Era jar accidentally smashed by a 4-year-old visiting a museum was back on display Wednesday after restoration experts were able to carefully piece the artifact back together.

Last month, a family from northern Israel was visiting the museum when their youngest son tipped over the jar, which smashed into pieces.

Alex Geller, the boy’s father, said his son — the youngest of three — is exceptionally curious, and that the moment he heard the crash, “please let that not be my child” was the first thought that raced through his head.

The jar has been on display at the Hecht Museum in Haifa for 35 years. It was one of the only containers of its size and from that period still complete when it was discovered.

The Bronze Age jar is one of many artifacts exhibited out in the open, part of the Hecht Museum’s vision of letting visitors explore history without glass barriers, said Inbal Rivlin, the director of the museum, which is associated with Haifa University in northern Israel.

It was likely used to hold wine or oil, and dates back to between 2200 and 1500 B.C.

Rivlin and the museum decided to turn the moment, which captured international attention, into a teaching moment, inviting the Geller family back for a special visit and hands-on activity to illustrate the restoration process.

Rivlin added that the incident provided a welcome distraction from the ongoing war in Gaza. “Well, he’s just a kid. So I think that somehow it touches the heart of the people in Israel and around the world,“ said Rivlin.

Roee Shafir, a restoration expert at the museum, said the repairs would be fairly simple, as the pieces were from a single, complete jar. Archaeologists often face the more daunting task of sifting through piles of shards from multiple objects and trying to piece them together.

Experts used 3D technology, hi-resolution videos, and special glue to painstakingly reconstruct the large jar.

Less than two weeks after it broke, the jar went back on display at the museum. The gluing process left small hairline cracks, and a few pieces are missing, but the jar’s impressive size remains.

The only noticeable difference in the exhibit was a new sign reading “please don’t touch.”

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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B.C. sets up a panel on bear deaths, will review conservation officer training

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VICTORIA – The British Columbia government is partnering with a bear welfare group to reduce the number of bears being euthanized in the province.

Nicholas Scapillati, executive director of Grizzly Bear Foundation, said Monday that it comes after months-long discussions with the province on how to protect bears, with the goal to give the animals a “better and second chance at life in the wild.”

Scapillati said what’s exciting about the project is that the government is open to working with outside experts and the public.

“So, they’ll be working through Indigenous knowledge and scientific understanding, bringing in the latest techniques and training expertise from leading experts,” he said in an interview.

B.C. government data show conservation officers destroyed 603 black bears and 23 grizzly bears in 2023, while 154 black bears were killed by officers in the first six months of this year.

Scapillati said the group will publish a report with recommendations by next spring, while an independent oversight committee will be set up to review all bear encounters with conservation officers to provide advice to the government.

Environment Minister George Heyman said in a statement that they are looking for new ways to ensure conservation officers “have the trust of the communities they serve,” and the panel will make recommendations to enhance officer training and improve policies.

Lesley Fox, with the wildlife protection group The Fur-Bearers, said they’ve been calling for such a committee for decades.

“This move demonstrates the government is listening,” said Fox. “I suspect, because of the impending election, their listening skills are potentially a little sharper than they normally are.”

Fox said the partnership came from “a place of long frustration” as provincial conservation officers kill more than 500 black bears every year on average, and the public is “no longer tolerating this kind of approach.”

“I think that the conservation officer service and the B.C. government are aware they need to change, and certainly the public has been asking for it,” said Fox.

Fox said there’s a lot of optimism about the new partnership, but, as with any government, there will likely be a lot of red tape to get through.

“I think speed is going to be important, whether or not the committee has the ability to make change and make change relatively quickly without having to study an issue to death, ” said Fox.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 9, 2024.

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